539 BC – Cyrus the Great entered the city of Babylon and detained Nabonidus.
437 Valentinian III, Western Roman Emperor, married Licinia Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius II, Eastern Roman Emperor in Constantinople unifying the two branches of the House of Theodosius.
1268 Conradin, the last legitimate male heir of the Hohenstaufen dynasty of Kings of Germany and Holy Roman Emperors, was executed with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden by Charles I of Sicily, a political rival and ally to the hostile Roman Catholic church.
1390 First trial for witchcraft in Paris leading to the death of three people.
1422 Charles VII of France became king.
1463 – Alessandro Achillini, Italian physician and philosopher, was born (d. 1512).
1467 Battle of Brustem: Charles the Bold defeated Liege.
1618 Sir Walter Raleigh was beheaded for allegedly conspiring against James I.
1658 Action of 29 October (Naval battle).
1665 Battle of Ambuila, Portuguese forces defeated the forces of theKingdom of Kongo and decapitated king Antonio I of Kongo, also called Nvita a Nkanga.
1675 Leibniz made the first use of the long s (∫) as a symbol of the integral in calculus.
1740 James Boswell, Scottish biographer of Samuel Johnson was born (d. 1795).
1787 Mozart’s opera Don Giovanni received its first performance in Prague.
1863 Eighteen countries meeting in Geneva agreed to form theInternational Red Cross.
1863 American Civil War: Battle of Wauhatchie – forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant warded off a Confederate attack led by General James Longstreet.
1886 The first ticker-tape parade took place in New York City when office workers spontaneously threw ticker tape into the streets as the Statue of Liberty was dedicated.
1891 Fanny Brice, American singer (d. 1951), was born.
1894 SS Wairarapa was wrecked off Great Barrier Island.
1897 Joseph Goebbels, Nazi Minister of Propaganda, was born (d. 1945).
1918 The German High Seas Fleet was incapacitated when sailorsmutiniedon the night of the 29th-30th, an action which triggered the German revolution.
1921 The Link River Dam, a part of the Klamath Reclamation Project, was completed.
1922 Victor Emmanuel III, appointed Benito Mussolini Prime Minister.
1923 Turkey became a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire.
1929 The New York Stock Exchange crashed in the Crash of ’29 or “Black Tuesday”, ending the Great Bull Market of the 1920s and beginning the Great Depression.
1941 Holocaust: In the Kaunas Ghetto over 10,000 Jews were shot by German occupiers at the Ninth Fort, a massacre known as the “Great Action”.
1942 Holocaust: Leading British clergymen and political figures held a public meeting to register outrage over Nazi Germany’s persecution of Jews.
1944 Denny Laine, English musician (Moody Blues, Ginger Baker’s Air Force, Wings), was born.
1944 The city of Breda in the Netherlands was liberated by 1st Polish Armoured Division.
1945 – Mick Gallagher, English keyboard player and songwriter (The Animals, The Blockheads, and Skip Bifferty), was born.
1945 Getulio Vargas, president of Brazil, resigned.
1946 Peter Green, English guitarist (Fleetwood Mac), was born.
1947 Richard Dreyfuss, American actor, was born.
1948 Safsaf massacre.
1953 BCPA Flight 304 DC-6 crashed near San Francisco, pianist William Kapell was among the 19 killed.
1954 – Lee Child, English author was born.
1955 The Soviet battleship Novorossiisk struck a World War II mine in the harbor at Sevastopol.
1956 Suez Crisis began: Israeli forces invaded the Sinai Peninsula and pushed Egyptian forces back toward the Suez Canal.
1956 Tangier Protocol signed: The international city Tangier was reintegrated into Morocco.
1956 Kafr Qasim massacre: Israeli Border Police (Magav) shoot and kill 48 Arab civilians for unknowingly disobeying curfue orders imposed by Israeli army in Kafr Qasim, an Arab village.
1957 Israel’s prime minister David Ben Gurion and five of his ministers were injured when a hand grenade was tossed into Israel’s parliament, the Knesset.
1961 Syria left the United Arab Republic.
1964 Tanganyika and Zanzibar united to form the Republic of Tanzania.
1964 – A collection of irreplaceable gems, including the 565 carat (113 g)Star of India, was stolen from the American Museum of Natural History in New York.
1966 National Organization For Women was founded.
1967 London criminal Jack McVitie was murdered by the Kray twins, leading to their eventual imprisonment and downfall.
1967 Montreal’s World Fair, Expo 67, closed.
1969 The first-ever computer-to-computer link was established onARPANET, the precursor to the Internet.
1969 US Supreme Court ruled that school districts must end segregation “now and hereafter”.
1980 Demonstration flight of a secretly modified C-130 for an Iran hostage crisis rescue attempt ended in crash landing leading to cancellation of Operation Credible Sport.
1983 More than 500,000 people demonstrated against cruise missiles in The Hague.
1985 Major General Samuel K. Doe was announced the winner of the first multi-party election in Liberia.
1986 British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher opened the last stretch of the M25 motorway.
1991 The American Galileo spacecraft made its closest approach to 951 Gaspra, becoming the first probe to visit an asteroid.
1995 The Hoax film Forgotten Silver screened.
1998 Apartheid: In South Africa, the Truth and Reconciliation Commissionpresented its report, which condemned both sides for committing atrocities.
1998 – Space Shuttle Discovery blasted off on STS-95 with 77-year old John Glenn on board, making him the oldest person to go into space.
1998 – ATSC HDTV broadcasting in the United States was inaugurated with the launch of STS-95 space shuttle mission.
1998 A Turkish Airline flight with a crew of 6 and 33 passengers was hijacked by a Kurdish militant who ordered the pilot to fly to Switzerland. The plane instead landed in Ankara after the pilot tricked the hijacker into thinking that he was landing in the Bulgarian capital of Sofia to refuel.
1998 – Hurricane Mitch, the second deadliest Atlantic hurricane in history, made landfall in Honduras.
1998 The Gothenburg nightclub fire in Sweden claimed 63 lives and injures 200
1999 A large cyclone devastated Orissa, India.
2002 Ho Chi Minh City ITC Inferno, a fire destroyed a luxurious department store where 1500 people shopping. Over 60 people died.
2004 The Arabic news network Al Jazeera broadcast an excerpt from avideo of Osama bin Laden in which the terrorist leader first admitted direct responsibility for the September 11, 2001 attacks and references the 2004 U.S. presidential election.
2004 In Rome, European heads of state signed the Treaty and Final Act establishing the first European Constitution.
2005 Delhi bombings killed more than 60.
2008 Delta Air Lines merged with Northwest Airlines, creating the world’s largest airline and reducing the number of US legacy carriers to 5.
2012 – Hurricane Sandy hit the east coast of the United States, killing 148 directly and 138 indirectly, while leaving nearly $70 billion in damages and causing major power outages.
2013 – Turkey opened a sea tunnel connecting Europe and Asia across the Bosphorus Strait in Istanbul.
2014 – A mudslide in south-central Sri Lanka killed at least 16 people.
Sourced from NZ History Online & Wikipedia