306 Martyrdom of Saint Demetrius of Thessaloniki.
1597 Imjin War: Admiral Yi Sun-sin routed the Japanese Navy of 300 ships with only 13 ships at the Battle of Myeongnyang.
1640 The Treaty of Ripon was signed, restoring peace between Scotland and Charles I of England.
1689 General Piccolomini of Austria burned down Skopje to prevent the spread of cholera. He died of cholera soon after.
1774 The first Continental Congress adjourned in Philadelphia.
1775 King George III went before Parliament to declare the American colonies in rebellion, and authorised a military response to quell the American Revolution.
1776 Benjamin Franklin departed from America for France on a mission to seek French support for the American Revolution.
1795 The French Directory, a five-man revolutionary government, was created.
1811 The Argentine government declared the freedom of expression for the press by decree.
1825 The Erie Canal opened – passage from Albany, New York to Lake Erie.
1859 The Royal Charter was wrecked on the coast of Anglesey, north Wales with 459 dead.
1860 Meeting of Teano. Giuseppe Garibaldi, conqueror of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies, gives it to King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy.
1861 The Pony Express officially ceased operations.
1865 Benjamin Guggenheim, American businessman, was born (d. 1912).
1869 – Washington Luís, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 13th President of Brazil, was born (d. 1957).
1873 – Thorvald Stauning, Danish union leader and politician, 24th Prime Minister of Denmark, was born (d. 1942).
1874 – Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, American philanthropist, founded the Museum of Modern Art (d. 1948).
1881 The Gunfight at the O.K. Corral.
1883 Napoleon Hill, American writer and philosopher, was born (d. 1970).
1902 – Beryl Markham, Kenyan horse trainer and author, was born (d. 1986).
1905 Norway became independent from Sweden.
1909 Itō Hirobumi, Resident-General of Korea, was shot to death by Korean independence supporter Ahn Jung-geun.
1911 – Sorley MacLean, Scottish poet and educator, was born (d. 1996).
1912 First Balkan War: The capital city of Macedonia, Thessaloniki, was unified with Greece on the feast day of its patron Saint Demetrius. Serbian troops captured Skopje.
1916 François Mitterrand, President of France, was born (d. 1996).
1917 Battle of Caporetto; Italy was defeated by the forces of Austria-Hungary and Germany. The young unknown Oberleutnant Erwin Rommelcaptured Mount Matajur with only 100 Germans against a force of over 7000 Italians.
1918 Erich Ludendorff, quartermaster-general of the Imperial German Army, was dismissed by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany for refusing to cooperate in peace negotiations.
1919 – Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, was born (d. 1980).
1920 – Sarah Lee Lippincott, American astronomer and academic, was born.
1921 The Chicago Theatre opened.
1928 – Francisco Solano López, Argentinian illustrator, was born (d. 2011).
1936 The first electric generator at Hoover Dam went into full operation.
1940 The P-51 Mustang made its maiden flight.
1942 The Women’s Jurors Act enabled women to sit on juries in New Zealand.
1942 Battle of the Santa Cruz Islands: U.S. aircraft carrier, Hornet, was sunk and another aircraft carrier, Enterprise, was heavily damaged.
1943 World War II: First flight of the Dornier Do 335 “Pfeil”.
1944 World War II: The Battle of Leyte Gulf ended with an overwhelming American victory.
1947 Hillary Rodham Clinton, 67th United States Secretary of State, was born.
1947 The Maharaja of Kashmir agreed to allow his kingdom to join India.
1948 Killer smog settled into Donora, Pennsylvania.
1955 After the last Allied troops left the country and following the provisions of the Austrian Independence Treaty, Austria declared permanent neutrality.
1955 – Ngô Đình Diệm declared himself Premier of South Vietnam.
1958 Pan American Airways made the first commercial flight of the Boeing 707 from New York City to Paris, France.
1959 The world saw the far side of the Moon for the first time.
1964 Eric Edgar Cooke became last person in Western Australia to be executed.
1965 – Ken Rutherford, New Zealand cricketer, was born.
1967 – Keith Urban, New Zealand singer-songwriter and guitarist (The Ranch), was born.
1967 Mohammad Reza Pahlavi crowned himself Emperor of Iran and then crowned his wife Farah Empress of Iran.
1977 The last natural case of smallpox was discovered in Merca district, Somalia. The WHO and the CDC consider this date the anniversary of the eradication of smallpox, the most spectacular success of vaccination.
1979 Park Chung-hee, President of South Korea was assassinated by KCIA head Kim Jae-kyu. Choi Kyu-ha becomes the acting President.
1984 ”Baby Fae” received a heart transplant from a baboon.
1985 The Australian government returns ownership of Uluru to the local Pitjantjatjara Aborigines.
1992 The London Ambulance Service was thrown into chaos after the implementation of a new CAD, (Computer Aided Despatch) system which failed.
1994 Jordan and Israel signed a peace treaty
1995 Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: Mossad agents assassinated Islamic Jihad leader Fathi Shikaki.
1999 Britain’s House of Lords voted to end the right of hereditary peersto vote in Britain’s upper chamber of Parliament.
2000 Laurent Gbagbo took over as president of Côte d’Ivoire following a popular uprising against President Robert Guéï.
2002 Moscow Theatre Siege: Around 50 Chechen terrorists and 150 hostages die when Russian Spetsnaz stormed a theatre building in Moscow, which had been occupied by the terrorists three days before.
2003 The Cedar Fire, the second-largest fire in California history, killed 15 people, consumed 250,000 acres (1,000 km²), and destroyed 2,200 homes around San Diego.
2014 – Britain withdrew from Afghanistan after the end of Operation Herrick which started on June 20, 2002 after 12 years four months and seven days.
2015 – A 7.5 magnitude earthquake struck in the Hindu Kush mountain range in northeastern Afghanistan, killing 398 people and leaving 2,536 people injured.
Sourced from NZ History Online & Wikipedia.