1213 Albigensian Crusade: Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester, defeated Peter II of Aragon at the Battle of Muret.
1575 Henry Hudson, English explorer, was born (d. 1611).
1683 Austro-Ottoman War: Battle of Vienna – several European armies joined forces to defeat the Ottoman Empire.
1812 – Richard March Hoe, American engineer and businessman, invented the Rotary printing press, was born (d. 1886).
1814 Battle of North Point: an American detachment halted the British land advance to Baltimore in the War of 1812.
1818 – Richard Jordan Gatling, American inventor, invented the Gatling gun, was born (d. 1903).
1846 Elizabeth Barrett eloped with Robert Browning.
1847 Mexican-American War: the Battle of Chapultepec began.
1848 Switzerland became a Federal state.
1852 H. H. Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, was born (d. 1928).
1857 The SS Central America sank drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the San Francisco Gold Rush.
1880 – H. L. Mencken, American journalist and critic, ws born (d. 1956).
1889 –
Ugo Pasquale Mifsud, Maltese politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Malta, was born (d. 1942).
1897 Tirah Campaign: Battle of Saragarhi.
1897 – Irène Joliot-Curie, French chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate, was born (d. 1956).
1898 – Alma Moodie, Australian violinist and educator, was born (d. 1943).
1902 – Marya Zaturenska, Ukrainian-American poet and author, was born (d. 1982).
1906 The Newport Transporter Bridge was opened by Viscount Tredegar.
1907 – Louis MacNeice, Irish poet and playwright, was born (d. 1963).
1910 Premiere performance of Gustav Mahler’s Symphony No. 8 in Munich (with a chorus of 852 singers and an orchestra of 171 players).
1913 Jesse Owens, American athlete, was born (d. 1980).
1914 – Forty three miners were killed in an explosion at Huntly.
1919 Adolf Hitler joined the German Workers Party.
1928 – Muriel Siebert, American businesswoman and philanthropist, was born (d. 2013).
1930 Wilfred Rhodes ended his 1110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H.D.G. Leveson Gower’s XI against the Australians.
1931 – Ian Holm, English actor, was born.
1933 Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light conceived the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.
1940 An explosion at the Hercules Powder Company plant in Kenvil, New Jersey killed 51 people and injured over 200.
1942 RMS Laconia, carrying civilians, Allied soldiers and Italian POWs was torpedoed off the coast of West Africa and sankwith a heavy loss of life.
1942 First day of the Battle of Edson’s Ridge during the Guadalcanal campaign.
1943 – Michael Ondaatje, Sri Lankan-Canadian author and poet, was born.
1943 Benito Mussolini was rescued from house arrest on the Gran Sasso in Abruzzi, by German commando forces led by Otto Skorzeny.
1948 Invasion of the State of Hyderabad by the Indian Army on the day after the Pakistani leader Jinnah’s death.
1952 Gerry Beckley, American musician (America), was born.
1952 Strange occurrences, including a monster sighting, in Flatwoods, West Virginia.
1958 Jack Kilby demonstrated the first integrated circuit.
1959 Premiere of Bonanza, the first regularly-scheduled TV programme presented in color.
1964 Canyonlands National Park was designated as a National Par
1966 Gemini 11, the penultimate mission of NASA’s Gemini programme.
1974 Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia was deposed following a military coup by the Derg, ending a reign of 58 years.
1977 South African anti-apartheid activist Steve Biko was killed in police custody.
1979 Indonesia was hit by an earthquake that measures 8.1 on the Richter scale.
1980 Military coup in Turkey.
1981 Flour bombs ended the rugby test between the All Blacks and Springboks at Eden Park.
1983 A Wells Fargo depot in West Hartford,was robbed of approximately US$7 million by Los Macheteros..
1988 Hurricane Gilbert devastated Jamaica.
1990 The two German states and the Four Powers signed the Treaty on the Final Settlement With Respect to Germany in Moscow, paving the way for German re-unification.
1992 NASA launched Space Shuttle Endeavour on STS-47 which marked the 50th shuttle mission. On board were Mae Carol Jemison, the first African-American woman in space, Mamoru Mohri, the first Japanese citizen to fly in a US spaceship, and Mark Lee and Jan Davis, the first married couple in space.
1992 Abimael Guzmán, leader of the Shining Path, was captured by Peruvian special forces.
1994 Frank Eugene Corder crashed a single-engine Cessna 150 into the White House’s south lawn, striking the West wing and killing himself.
2001 Ansett Australia, Australia’s first commercial interstate airline, collapsed due to increased strain on the international airline industry, leaving 10,000 people unemployed.
2003 – In Fallujah, US forces mistakenly shot and killed eight Iraqi police officers.
2005 Hong Kong Disneyland opened.
2007 Former Philippine President Joseph Estrada was convicted of the crime of plunder.
2008 The 2008 Chatsworth train collision between a Metrolink commuter train and a Pacific Union Freight Train killed 25 people.
2011 – The 9/11 Memorial Museum opened to the public.
2014 – Oscar Pistorius was found guilty of the culpable homicide of his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp.
2015 – A series of explosions involving propane triggering nearby illegally stored mining detonators in the Indian town of Petlawad in the state of Madhya Pradesh killed at least 105 people with over 150 injured.
Sourced from NZ History Online & Wikipedia.