On March 19:
1279 A Mongolian victory in the Battle of Yamen eneds the Song Dynasty in China.
1687 Explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle, searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River, was murdered by his own men.
1813 David Livingstone, Scottish missionary and explorer, was born (d. 1873).
1821 Richard Francis Burton, British explorer, diplomat and author, was born (d. 1890) .
1839 Bees were introduced to New Zealand.
1848 Wyatt Earp, American policeman and gunfighter, was born (d. 1929).
1853 The Taiping reform movement occupied and makes Nanjing its capital.
The Heavenly king’s throne in Nanjing
1861 The First Taranaki War ended.
1863 The SS Georgiana, said to have been the most powerful Confederate cruiser, was destroyed on her maiden voyage with a cargo of munitions, medicines and merchandise then valued at over $1,000,000.
1865 The Battle of Bentonville started.
1866 A hurricane caused major damages in Buenos Aires.
1906 Adolf Eichmann, Nazi official, was born (d 1962).
1915 Pluto was photographed for the first time but is not recognised as a planet.
1916 Irving Wallace, American novelist, was born (d. 1990).
1916 Eight American planes took off in pursuit of Pancho Villa, the first United States air-combat mission in history.
1918 The U.S. Congress established time zones and approved daylight saving time.
1921 One of the biggest engagements of theIrish War of Independence took place at Crossbarry, County Cork. About 100 Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteers escaped an attempt by more than 1,300 British forces to encircle them.
1921 Tommy Cooper, Welsh comedy magician, was born (d. 1984).
1921 Italian Fascists shot from the Parenzana train at a group of children in Strunjan (Slovenia): two children were killed, two mangled and three wounded.
1931 Gambling was legalized in Nevada.
1932 The Sydney Harbour Bridge was opened.
1933 Philip Roth, American author, was born.
1933 – Renée Taylor, American actress, was born.
1936 Ursula Andress, Swiss actress, was born.
1941 The 99th Pursuit Squadron also known as the Tuskegee Airmen, the first all-black unit of the Army Air Corp, was activated.
1944 Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize, was born.
1944 World War II: Nazi forces occupied Hungary.
1945 A dive bomber hit the aircraft carrier USS Franklin (CV-13), killing 724 of her crew.
1945 – World War II: Adolf Hitler issued his “Nero Decree” ordering all industries, military installations, shops, transportation facilities and communications facilities in Germany to be destroyed.
1946 Jayforce landed in Japan.
1946 French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion become overseas départements of France.
1946 Ruth Pointer, American singer (Pointer Sisters), was born.
1947 Glenn Close, American actress, was born.
1952 Warren Lees, New Zealand Test wicket-keeper, was born.
1953 Ricky Wilson, American musician (The B-52′s), was born (d. 1985).
1954 Willie Mosconi set the world record by running 526 consecutive balls without a miss during a straight pool exhibition at East High Billiard Club in Springfield, Ohio.
1955 Bruce Willis, American actor, was born.
1958 The Monarch Underwear Company fire left 24 dead and 15 injured.
1962 – Algerian War of Independence ceasefire took effect.
1965 The wreck of the SS Georgiana, valued at over $50,000,000 was discovered by then teenage diver and pioneer underwater archaeologist E. Lee Spence exactly 102 years after its destruction.
1969 The 385 metres (1,263 ft) tall TV-mast at Emley Moor, collapsed due to ice build- up.
1972 India and Bangladesh signed a friendship treaty.
1982 Falklands War: Argentinian forces landed on South Georgia Island, precipitating war with the United Kingdom.
1989 The Egyptian Flag was raised on Taba, Egypt announcing the end of the Israeli occupation after the Yom Kippur War in 1973 and the Peace negotiations in 1979.
1990 The ethnic clashes of Târgu Mureş began.
2002 Operation Anaconda ended (started on March 2) after killing 500 Taliban and al Qaeda fighters with 11 allied troop fatalities.
2002 – Zimbabwe was suspended from the Commonwealth on charges of human rights abuses and of election tampering, following a turbulent presidential election.
2004 Konginkangas bus disaster: A semi-trailer truck and a bus crash head-on in Äänekoski, Finland. 24 people were killed and 13 injured.
2004 A Swedish DC-3 shot down by a Russian MiG-15 in 1952 over the Baltic Sea was recovered after years of work.
2004 Taiwanese president Chen Shui-bian and Vice President Annette Lu were shot just before the country’s presidential election on March 20.
Chen and Lu minutes before the shooting incident
2008 GRB 080319B: A cosmic burst that was the farthest object visible to the naked eye was briefly observed
Sourced from NZ History Online & Wikipedia