25 – Guangwu claimed the throne as emperor after a period of political turmoil, restoring the Han Dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin Dynasty.
642 Battle of Maserfield – Penda of Mercia defeated and killed Oswald of Bernicia.
910 The last major Viking army to raid England was defeated at the Battle of Tettenhall by the allied forces of Mercia and Wessex, led by King Edward and Earl Aethelred.
1100 Henry I was crowned in Westminster Abbey.
1305 William Wallace, was captured by the English and transported to London where he was put on trial and executed.
1388 Battle of Otterburn, a border skirmish between the Scottish and the English in Northern England.
1583 Sir Humphrey Gilbert established the first English colony in North America, at what is now St John’s, Newfoundland.
1620 The Mayflower departed from Southampton on its first attempt to reach North America.
1689 – 1,500 Iroquois attacked the village of Lachine, in New France.
1716 The Battle of Petrovaradin.
1735 New York Weekly Journal writer John Peter Zenger was acquitted of seditious libel against the royal governor of New York, on the basis that what he had published was true.
1763 Pontiac’s War: Battle of Bushy Run – British forces led by Henry Bouquet defeated Chief Pontiac’s Indians at Bushy Run.
1772 The First Partition of Poland began.
1827 – Deodoro da Fonseca, Brazilian field marshal and politician, 1st President of Brazil, was born(d. 1892).
1858 Cyrus West Field and others completed the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts.
1860 Carl IV of Sweden-Norway was crowned king of Norway, in Trondheim.
1861 The United States government levied the first income tax as part of the Revenue Act of 1861 (3% of all incomes over US $800; rescinded in 1872) to help pay for the Civil War.
1861 The United States Army abolished flogging.
1862 Joseph Merrick, the “Elephant Man” , was born (d. 1890).
1862 American Civil War: Battle of Baton Rouge.
1864 American Civil War: the Battle of Mobile Bay began – Admiral David Farragut led a Union flotilla through Confederate defenses and sealed one of the last major Southern ports.
1870 Franco-Prussian War: the Battle of Spicheren resulted in a Prussian victory.
1876 – Mary Ritter Beard, American historian and activist, was born (d. 1958).
1884 The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty was laid.
1888 Bertha Benz drove from Mannheim to Pforzheim and back in the first long distance automobile trip.
1901 Peter O’Connor set the first IAAF recognised long jump world record of 24ft 11¾ins.
1908 Harold Holt, 17th Prime Minister of Australia, was born(d. 1967).
1914 – New Zealand entered World War 1.
1914 World War I: The German minelayer Königin Luise laid a minefield about 40 miles off the Thames Estuary. She was intercepted and sunk by the British light-cruiser HMS Amphion.
1914 In Cleveland, Ohio, the first electric traffic light was installed.
1918 – Betty Oliphant, English-Canadian ballerina, co-founded the Canada’s National Ballet School, was born (d. 2004).
1925 Plaid Cymru was formed with the aim of disseminating knowledge of the Welsh language.
1928 – Carla Lane, English television writer, was born (d. 2016).
1930 Neil Armstrong, American astronaut, was born (d. 2012).
1934 – Wendell Berry, American author, poet, and farmer, was born.
1940 World War II: The Soviet Union formally annexed Latvia.
1944 World War II: possibly the biggest prison breakout in history as 545 Japanese POWs attempted to escape outside the town of Cowra, NSW.
1944 Holocaust: Polish insurgents liberated a German labour camp in Warsaw, freeing 348 Jewish prisoners.
1949 In Ecuador an earthquake destroyed 50 towns and killed more than 6000.
1957 American Bandstand debuted on the ABC television network.
1960 Burkina Faso, then known as Upper Volta, became independent from France.
1962 Nelson Mandela was jailed.
1963 The United States, United Kingdom, and Soviet Union signed anuclear test ban treaty.
1964 Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow – American aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bombed North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes which attacked U.S. destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin.
1979 In Afghanistan, Maoists undertake an attempted military uprising.
1988 The Cartwright report condemned the treatment of cervical cancer.
1995 The city of Knin, a significant Serb stronghold, was captured by Croatian forces during Operation Storm.
2003 A car bomb exploded in Jakarta outside the Marriott Hotel killing 12 and injuring 150.
2010 – Ten members of International Assistance Mission Nuristan Eye Camp team were killed by persons unknown in Kuran wa Munjan District of Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan.
2010 – Copiapó mining accident trapped 33 Chilean miners approximately 2,300 ft below the ground.
2012 – The Oak Creek shooting took place at a Sikh temple in Oak Creek, Wisconsin, killing six people; the perpetrator was shot dead by police.
2015 – The Gold King Mine waste water spill released 3 million gallons of heavy metal toxin tailings and waste water into the Animas River in Colorado.
Sourced from NZ History Online & Wikipedia